Marine Ecosystem Value Ocean ecosystems harbor extraordinary biodiversity, from microscopic phytoplankton to the blue whale, supporting approximately 250,000 known marine species with potentially millions still undiscovered. These environments provide critical services including oxygen production, carbon sequestration, and food security for billions of people worldwide. Coral reefs, often called "rainforests of the sea," cover less than 1% of the ocean floor yet harbor 25% of all marine species. These valuable ecosystems face unprecedented threats from climate change, overfishing, plastic pollution, and habitat destruction.
Conservation Strategies Marine protection employs multiple approaches to preserve ocean biodiversity while supporting sustainable human activities. Marine Protected Areas restrict harmful activities in ecologically significant regions, with research showing properly managed MPAs increase fish biomass by over 400% compared to unprotected areas. Sustainable fisheries management implements science-based catch limits and gear restrictions to maintain healthy fish populations. International agreements address transboundary challenges including plastic pollution, while community-based conservation engages local stakeholders in protecting coastal habitats. Technological innovations including satellite monitoring and DNA sampling enhance enforcement capabilities and scientific understanding of marine ecosystems. Shutdown123